The American educational
system tacitly assumes that English and mathematics are the most important (and
generally only) languages that are necessary for general literacy. Yet we are
swimming in visual culture—design, advertising, marketing, fashion, photography,
art and craft, landscaping, product design, film, video games, TV, video and
more. All these media and venues directly affect the way we see and interpret
the world. In too many instances, the motives and intentions behind the
products of visual culture are suspect, profit-directed, deceptive, seductive
and work at the most superficial levels of communication.
Anyone who believes visual
culture has no significant impact on the values of our culture is deluding
himself.
So what can be done? I believe
that the case for visual literacy as a part of all
K-12 curricula should be
made and made strongly and effectively. Students should have a basic
understanding of the grammar and structure of the visual language. Students
should learn to “read” and deconstruct visual images. Students should learn how
images carry history, values and mores of a culture. Students have the right to
understand how skilled artists and designers use sophisticated techniques and
media to communicate messages. And they have a right to acquire the skills to
interpret these messages for themselves.
What happens when we view
art as a language? It becomes no longer simply a means to make objects. Rather
it becomes a tool for research, a tool for thinking, a tool for communication,
a tool for personal expression, a tool for story telling and more. The first
step is to learn to see and to look carefully and deeply at the world. The
essential skill for this is drawing.
When children first make
marks, they explain them to adults as images. It’s only after the first
tentacles of formal education take hold that their marks become letters. They
become symbols and basically lose their visual nature. Early in the child’s
education stick figures, yellow suns, stereotypical kid trees become good
enough for all but a few “talented” kids. Visual literacy stops there. This is
something that would never be allowed to happen in English or mathematics
curricula.
At this point, students
essentially stop looking. This fundamental skill withers. The stick figure is
enough, and the inadequacy of the student in this language is affirmed. The
ability to use and appreciate visual art declines among students and
consequently the general public. There’s limited support for art in the schools
as a result. And here we are.
I say this is just not good
enough.